While many of the aforementioned overdoses are a result of illicit drug use, prescription opioid use also contributes significantly. In 2017, the White House declared the opioid crisis a public health emergency. This epidemic, not surprisingly, has garnered attention from the media, government, and medical practitioners. The United States has experienced an alarming number of drug overdose deaths, and the majority (63% in 2015) involve opioids.
The opioid epidemic in the United States is well documented. Patients with OUD should be counseled on their elevated risk, and future work will be needed to determine if this is a modifiable risk factor. It additionally confers increased perioperative costs. This is concerning as it represents a significant risk factor for postoperative complication. Opioid use disorder is becoming a more common comorbidity among THA and TKA patients. The incidence of OUD in arthroplasty patients increased 80% over the study period. The incidence of OUD was also determined, and the costs associated with this comorbidity were calculated. Further analysis was then conducted on matched cohorts with multivariate analysis. Coarsened exact matching was used to statistically match the OUD and non-OUD cohorts. The Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) was used to identify patients undergoing THA and TKA from 2011 to 2015. The purpose of this study was to investigate this relationship. However, the incidence and impact of opioid use disorder (OUD) among these patients-both clinically and fiscally-remain unknown. Multiple studies have demonstrated that patients taking opioids in the preoperative period are at elevated risk for complications following total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty.
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